Top class magnetic therapy

Sympathetic / parasympathetic activation

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Background  

There is no lack of evidence that geomagnetic storms of solar origin sometimes have a significant impact on the central nervous and, above all, vegetative parameters of humans and animals. Changes in blood pressure [1] , [2] , [3] , heart attack rate [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , the frequency of epilepsy attacks [9] , the increase in suicides [ 10] , [11] , strokes [12] , accidents [13] or mood changes (depression and states of aggression) are just a few of the many examples.

The underlying physiological mechanisms are not yet fully understood, which is also related to the frequency of around 2.8 GHz, which is not familiar for PEMF, and also to ultraviolet radiation. In any case, there is a short-term weakening of the earth’s magnetic field, which, however, is only in the range of around 250 nT.

This sounds very low compared to the natural earth’s magnetic field of around 50 µT. On the other hand, magnetic field intensities in the middle nT range are quite comparable with therapeutic PEMF, since intensities in the pT range are already effective in the treatment of central nervous disorders such as multiple sclerosis or Parkinson’s disease [14] , [15] . In any case, there are many indications that geomagnetic storms do not respond directly to the organ systems, but rather to the timing of the pituitary gland and the autonomic nervous system.

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Explanation

A geomagnetic storm is a disturbance of the natural earth’s magnetic field. This is triggered by the “solar wind” or solar eruptions and usually lasts 1 to 2 days. The earth’s magnetic field is abruptly weakened by 50 – a maximum of 650 nT.

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Autonomous nervous system

In order to adapt to constantly changing conditions and to ensure survival by means of a lightning-fast response, a nervous system has developed in highly developed organisms, including humans, that conducts almost all bodily functions independently of the mind, motivation, desire and intention. It consists of the opponents sympathetic and parasympathetic, whereby the sympathetic in the sense of a fight and flight reaction (“fight or flight” [16] ), for example, increases the blood flow to the muscles, widens the bronchi, increases the heartbeat and blood pressure or increases digestion immobilize.

The parasympathetic, on the other hand, has the task of relaxation, that is, after a challenging situation, “licking the wounds”, gathering strength, sinking into a restful sleep, giving space for digestion and overall serving the hedonistic principle of pleasure and self-actualization , So there is no important organ that is not “unconsciously” influenced by the vegetative or is even controlled directly. We can see this from the fact that all of the body functions necessary for survival, such as breathing, heartbeat and metabolic functions, function without our conscious intervention, although the brain stem is also involved here.

Hypothalamus

However, the vegetative is not the only actor acting independently of our consciousness. Rather, the actual control center lies in the diencephalon, which programs and controls the vegetativeum as the hypothalamus and which has to produce the homeostasis of vegetative, hormonal and somatic functions.

Stress

Since the stress pioneers Walter Cannon [17] , Hans Selye [18] or Paul Rosch [19] at the latest, there has been little doubt that a large part of all chronic (and in some cases also acute) illnesses directly or indirectly with chronic stress or one as a result caused impaired regulatory ability of the autonomic nervous system. Because when the sympathetic nervous system gains the upper hand and becomes independent by setting the smallest key stimuli in the mode of a “constant fire”, its direct signal receivers such as the cardiovascular system, central nervous structures, hormone-forming glands or the inflammatory process are forced into one Continuous operation and a subsequent exhaustion reaction.

Stress is any type of stress that forces the organism to adapt. Although the associated hormonal change is natural and increases performance, this evolutionarily developed protective mechanism is very often exaggerated after the original pattern of action of fight and flight in modern life is mostly only mentally fought out.

If one takes a closer look at the course of a stress reaction, both the limbic systems – sympathetic nerve – adrenal medullary axis (LSNMA) and the hypothalamic-pituitary axis-adrenal axis (HPA) play a key role [20] . If a stress stimulus arrives, an emotional reaction in the form of anger, fear, aspiration, envy, greed etc. arises in the limbic system. The messenger substance glutamate thus produced in turn initiates noradrenaline, which reaches the adrenal medulla and stimulates the synthesis of adrenaline there.

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Explanation

The limbic system, which only mammals possess, is more an electrical functional circuit than a locality that can be found somewhere between the neocortex (cerebral cortex) and the midbrain together with the hippocampus (memory) and the hypothalamus. It is responsible for fear, love, anger, lust, motivation and repression. Laughter and crying also originate here.

Minutes later, the pituitary gland signals the pituitary gland to instruct the adrenal cortex to release increased amounts of cortisol. This is done via the messenger substance ACTH.

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Explanation

Cortisol (the body’s own cortisone) supports the energy supply for the physical changes caused by the sympathetic nervous system or by adrenaline (adrenaline increases vascular tone, blood pressure and heart rate, among other things), for example by increasing the blood sugar level and also providing fatty acids. At the same time, it slows down the microcirculation in order to secure the increase in blood pressure induced by the adrenaline. Although it also ensures short-term well-being, it has an immunosuppressive (“dampening”) and strong anti-inflammatory effect.

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The cortisol flood

While adrenaline and noradrenaline undergo a relatively rapid enzymatic breakdown, the cortisol level can remain at a high level through constant new production. In the hippocampus, a part of the brain that, like the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland, is located in the midbrain or the “limbic system”, there is a measuring system in the form of receptors that constantly inform the hypothalamus about the level of cortisol levels.

If there is constant stress, which is not uncommon in today’s professional life, the cortisol receptors are damaged. The hypothalamus no longer receives any information about the cortisol concentration, ie the natural feedback mechanism is destroyed. Via the hypothalamus and increased sympathetic activation, cortisol production is increasingly rocking – which in turn further damages cortisol receptors [21] .

To make matters worse, the receptor sensitivity decreases with increasing age [22] . This also corresponds to the aging theory of the Russian Dilman, who as early as the 1960s found that a stress response is stronger in older people and lasts longer than in young people [23] , [24] . Who is not familiar with the situation at the supermarket checkout, where older people who, based on their experience, would have to stand calmly over things, are trembling with excitement for their wallets.

Furthermore, a permanently elevated cortisol level is a risk factor for the development of dementia and also has a negative effect on memory formation and memory capacity in healthy people [25] , [26] . Because in addition to the cortisol receptors, the hormone also damages other areas in the hippocampus, the part of the brain that is responsible for learning and memory processes. From animal experiments it is known that low stress hormones slow the memory decline in old age. On the other hand, animals with an excessive cortisol response seem to lose more thought and memory as they get older.

The civilization man in particular is helplessly exposed to the cortisol flood because only through a lot of exercise and physical exertion can an accelerated breakdown of stress hormones occur [27] , [28] , [29] .

Consequences atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke

Probably because of the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chronic stress contributes to the development of atherosclerosis [30] , [31] , [32] and is therefore an important risk factor for a myocardial infarction [33] and a stroke [34] . Psychological distress is also a suitable predictor or predictor of mortality [35] .

For example, in a cohort study (27 studies) with over 600,000 men and women who reported stress at work, the risk of a heart attack or sleep attack was up to 40% higher than that of people who were not stressed [36] . The result of the INTERHEART study that psychosocial stress is an independent cardiovascular risk factor is only the reminiscence of what is actually familiar [37] .

Consequence ROS, telomeres and premature aging

If one takes into account that chronic stress automatically also causes oxidative stress, ie an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be expected, stress should be one of the strongest promoters for the aging process [38] . Regardless of this, there is also evidence that chronic stress leads to a shortening of the telomeres, ie the “protective caps” on the chromosomes [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] . Because every cell division leads to a shortening of the telomeres. If they fall below a certain length, the chromosome is damaged and the cell can no longer divide and is rejected. The stress hormone cortisol, for example, slows down the repair enzyme telomerase, which can counteract telomer shortening [44] .

Consequence dysregulation of the vegetative

According to current surveys, the prevalence of chronic stress (without social support) is 32% (women) and 20.8% (men) [45] , which almost inevitably leads to dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system. Usually this means a dominance of the sympathetic nervous system, ie the parasympathetic nervous system leads to a niche existence, which sometimes leads to an increased activation (“discharge”) after a long sympathetic episode.

Typical examples of “parasympathetic disorders” are migraines [46] , [47] and asthma [48] , [49] . Migraines occur frequently on days off and on weekends [50] , [51] , with fewer attacks on Sundays [52] . This is probably related to the fact that Sundays are usually burdened with the anticipation of a “difficult” week and thus the sympathetic nervous system is increasingly activated. A non-allergic asthma attack does not occur during arousal (sympathetic nervous system), but only afterwards.

Sleep disorders are one of the most common health complaints. According to surveys, around 25% of adults suffer from sleep problems, and over 10% often or permanently experience their sleep as not restful [53] . According to other data, the worldwide prevalence is between 10 – 30% [54] , [55] . Although not all sleep disorders can be attributed to chronic stress, a clear relationship can generally be demonstrated [56] , [57] , [58] , [59] . A reduction in the deep sleep phases in favor of the REM phases (dream phases) could be the underlying mechanism for sleep problems [60] .

Consequence cancer

In this context, it also makes sense to suspect a link between cancer and chronic stress [61] , [62] . This does not mean the fact that further cancer growth and metastasis is triggered via the sympathetic nervous system in an existing cancer [63] , [64] . Rather, in some psychotherapeutic cancer models [65] , [66] a long-term dominance of the sympathetic versus the parasympathetic plays a not unimportant role or in the imbalance of an adaptive oscillation between the two vegetative poles.

To what extent a permanent activation of the sympathetic nervous system leads to a so-called “regulatory stiffness” has not been scientifically investigated, nor does a conclusive counter-model to cancer development result from this. Popular scientific statements that adrenal fatigue can occur after chronic stress (“adrenal fatigue”) are definitely not true. According to a systematic review that analyzed a total of 3 470 studies from the beginning to April 2016, of which only 58 publications met the required evidence criteria, it is said to be a myth [67] .

At present there are only indirect indications that sympathetic dominance prevents the ability to regulate that is essential for the human organism and thus a system-relevant ability to adapt. This is evident, for example, from a weaker immunological response after an infection, or that adults and especially the elderly hardly ever have as high a fever as children. The result – instead of healing – is the tendency to chronify.

PEMF for stress-related diseases

Only a few studies have been indexed in the PubMed and Embase databases on influencing the vegetative nervous system or on stress treatment using PEMF. However, it must be taken into account that indications such as insomnia, migraines, myocardial infarction, microcirculation, arterial hypertension, stroke, etc., in which always dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system plays a role, are not explicitly identified as vegetative diseases.

Studies HRV, stress and vigilance

For example, an investigation into different PEMF setting parameters (intensity) showed that a PEMF application mainly affects the sympathetic nervous system [68] . The HRV determination (Heart Rate Variability) showed that the VLF (Very Low Frequencies), which stand for the sympathetic nervous system, recovered faster than placebo after a previous stress exposure under PEMF. Overall, a 20-minute PEMF application led to an improvement in HRV.

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Explanation HRV

Stress and the associated vegetative changes have long been measured using the so-called HRV (heart rate variability). The HRV is now a recognized global indicator of health because it reflects the psycho-physiological balance of people. It describes the rhythmic fluctuations in the heart rate and thus enables an insight into the sympatho-vagal adjustment mechanism [69] . This is based on the fact that the duration of a heartbeat constantly varies in the millisecond range. For example, once 0.812 s, then 0.857, then 0.798, etc.

In sum, this brings a heart rhythm of 72 beats per minute, for example. The more evenly the heart rate in apparently healthy people or figuratively “the more accurate, sensible and stuck a life is”, the more vulnerable the person is. For example, there is a risk of a heart attack, stroke or, in the event of vegetative dysregulation, even cancer. More recent data also show a strong influence on the intestinal microbiome, which in turn affects the permeability of the intestinal barrier [70] .

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The consequence is an increased transfer of microbes and toxins into the bloodstream [71] , [72] , [73] . The latter studies would also explain why chronic stress is relatively closely related to chronic polyarthritis [74] .

HRV is also a central marker for determining performance and vigilance (vigilance) [75] . A deterioration in vigilance is very closely linked to changes in the autonomic nervous system, which is very sensitive to internal demands and external influences. In an HRV-controlled study, PEMF use – compared to the control group – led to a significant improvement in vigilance [76] .

Studies migraines and insomnia

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 82 headache and migraine patients were treated with the PEMF system QRS (16 Hz, 5 µT) for 4 weeks. Result: All examined pain parameters improved significantly compared to the placebo group. In 76% of the active group the symptoms improved either clearly or even very strongly. This was reported by only 1 patient in the placebo group, where the symptoms worsened slightly in 8% or the result was significantly worse in 2% than before [77] .

In a further double-blind, placebo-controlled study, a total of 101 patients with sleep disorders (problems falling asleep, problems sleeping through and nightmares) were treated with the PEMF system QRS for 4 weeks. The parameters sleep time, number of sleep interruptions, sleepiness after getting up, daytime tiredness, difficulty concentrating and daytime headache were checked.

Result: 70% of the PEMF group reported a substantial or even complete improvement in their sleep problems. 24% reported a clear improvement and 6% a slight improvement. In contrast, only 2% of the placebo patients had a clear improvement in sleep, 49% reported a slight or clear improvement and 49% the treatment was unsuccessful [78] .

Effect model

While the approach to osteoarthritis or tendinitis lies, for example, in the inhibition of inflammation, improved microcirculation is crucial for wound healing, or in the case of musculoskeletal pain, the resolution of myofascial syndromes or the activation of the body’s own opioid system is important, it remains unclear how to look directly PEMF effect on the vegetative, the HPA axis or the associated diseases has to be presented.

Basically, dysregulation or an imbalance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system can always be assumed in the case of vegetative diseases. The sympathetic seems to have become “independent”, ie all structures and organs connected to it are subject to a constant, activating impulse. This can no longer be compensated for by an occasional flashing parasympathetic nervous system. This is often even counterproductive, because a “pent-up” parasympathetic nervous system can react excessively during occasional periods of psychological rest, so that – with the appropriate predisposition – a migraine or non-allergic asthma develops.

On the one hand, there is evidence that cell activity reacts to certain electro-magnetic impulses and that there are even “receiving antennas” (receptors) whose irritation leads to the formation of messenger substances (“second messenger”) Ca ++ or cAMP [79] , [80] and cryptochromes also act as receptors here [81] , [82] , it can be assumed that the neurons of the autonomic nervous system also react identically. Of course, never selectively either on the sympathetic or parasympathetic, but for both opponents always in the same manner and intensity.

While a previously “silent” parasympathetic nervous system experiences the PEMF signals as natural stimulation, an already active, but “stuck” sympathetic nervous system is even pushed to the upper end of its activity potential in order to start up again – similar to a PC removed from the circuit to adjust and, ideally, i.e. after a series of repetitive applications, to re-establish a natural rhythm with its counterpart parasympathetic nervous system. For a better understanding it should be added here that with an increased sympathetic activity a simultaneous activation of the also stimulated parasympathetic nervous system is physiologically excluded.

A short-term push of the sympathetic nervous system should also explain the phenomenon of “initial deterioration” due to PEMF, which is observed in some cases, after an initial magnetic field treatment such as high blood pressure (“peripheral vasoconstriction or blocking of the microcirculation”) initially increases or pain symptoms further intensified ( “Sympathetic or cortisol-related increase in inflammation parameters such as the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-2, TNF-alpha [83] ).

It also explains why geomagnetic storms – statistically speaking – lead to short-term negative physical and psychological changes. Therefore, you should be on the safe side with an application recommendation to choose a rather low intensity and frequency range at the start of a new PEMF treatment. With extremely low-intensity magnetic field therapy systems such as QRS, the risk of initial deterioration is likely to be lower than with mT devices.

Conclusion

PEMF has a fundamental potential for readjusting a dysregulated vegetative nervous system. Despite specific PEMF influencing factors, it thus supports microcirculation, an anti-inflammatory effect, improves sleep problems, reduces the frequency of attacks of a migraine or that of non-allergic asthma – although to date there have been no studies, but only observations of use for the latter indication. The fact that fewer ROS (free radicals) can also result in a not inconsiderable anti-aging effect.

To what extent this also reduces the risk of heart attack or stroke is difficult to assess, since the anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet properties of PEMF are more decisive here. In any case, it does not seem impossible that with a permanent reduction of an excessive stress reaction, cognitive factors such as memory formation and ability to concentrate will benefit from it or will be preserved into old age.

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swell

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